O Albania Division of Neurosciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Investigation IRCCS, Milan, Italy; bMolecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; c Division of Clinical Neurosciences, NTB-A Proteins Molecular Weight Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UKacPOSTECH, Pohang, Republic of Korea; Division of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Laboratory Medicine, Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Seoul; dDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Republic of KoreabIntroduction: Analysing extracellular vesicles (EVs) is an desirable indicates in prostate cancer diagnosis. On the other hand, existing procedures of EVs isolation have low efficiency, purity and extended course of action time, which induce low diagnostic capacity. To approach the challenges, we adapt a two-phase method to diagnose prostate cancer by isolating EVs from patients’ urine. Using the twophase technique, prostate hyperplasia (BPH) sufferers and prostate cancer (PCA) patients have been diagnosed, and theIntroduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a perfect source of biomarkers because of their part in cellular communication and their capability to carry protein aggregates. One of the most investigated EVs are exosomes, active entities secreted from cells and in a position to cross the blood brain barrier. Quite a few neurodegeneration-involved molecules could undergo intercellular spreading by means of exosome release. In Alzheimer’s CD34 Proteins Source illness (AD), just before clinical indicators seem, many proteins implicated in exo- and endocytic pathways are altered. In thisJOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLESscenario, the identification of a correlation between variations in proteins carried by EVs plus the progression of AD is definitely the key aim of our project. Methods: We performed exosome isolation and characterization from H4-SW glioma cells (a cell model featuring mutated -amyloid overexpression), as well as in mouse(triple-transgenic mouse model for familial AD) and human-plasma samples (Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and AD subjects). In each and every case, a differential centrifugation protocol was applied and exosomes have been then characterized making use of Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis using the NanoSight. We then explored exosome content material, especially Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) and its proteolytic fragments, Microtubule Linked Protein Tau (tau), Progranulin (PGRN protein), Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (sTREM2) and synuclein (-syn), making use of Western blot and ELISA. L1CAM and CD63 had been evaluated to define the neural-derived exosomes quantity in human samples. Each of the samples were collected soon after ethical committee approval respecting Helsinki’s declaration. Informed consents have been provided by each of the subjects. Final results: Our preliminary outcomes show that APP, PGRN and sTREM2 are carried by H4- and human plasmaderived EVs. H4-SW cell-culture medium and 3Tg mouse plasma had a lower in the EVs number release (110e8 EVs/mL) in comparison to control (710e8 EVs/mL). This decrease was not located in human plasma samples. Summary/Conclusion: EVs purified from H4-glioma cellular AD model, 3xTg mouse-, MCI- and ADplasma samples carry proteins relevant for neurodegenerative ailments (NDs). EVs release is lowered in cellular and animal AD-models. Funding: Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Revolutionary Education Networks Blood Biomarker-ba.