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(2021) 22:899 Sun et al. BMC Genomics doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-08213-wRESEARCHOpen AccessTranscriptome comparative evaluation of PDE5 web Ovarian follicles reveals the important genes and signaling pathways implicated in hen egg productionXue Sun1,two, Xiaoxia Chen1,two, Jinghua Zhao1,2, Chang Ma1,two, Chunchi Yan1,2, Simushi Liswaniso1,two, Rifu Xu1,2 and Ning Qin1,2Abstract Background: Ovarian follicle development plays an important role in determination of poultry egg production. The follicles in the numerous developmental stages possess their own distinct molecular genetic qualities and have distinct biological roles in chicken ovary improvement and function. Inside the each and every stage, quite a few genes of follicle-specific expression and biological pathways are involved in the vary-sized follicular development and physiological events. Identification on the pivotal genes and signaling pathways that manage the follicular improvement is useful for understanding their precise regulatory functions and molecular mechanisms underlying egg-laying traits of laying hens. Outcomes: The comparative mRNA transcriptomic evaluation of ovarian follicles at three crucial developmental stages like slow growing white follicles (GWF), compact yellow follicles (SYF) of recruitment into the hierarchy, and differentiated huge yellow follicles (LYF), was accomplished in the layers with reduce and higher egg production. Totally, 137, 447, and 229 of up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and 99, 97, and 157 of down-regulated DEGs in the GWF, SYF and LYF follicles, which includes VIPR1, VIPR2, ADRB2, and HSD17B1 were identified, respectively. Additionally, NDUFAB1 and GABRA1 genes, two most promising candidates potentially related with egg-laying overall performance had been screened out from the 13 co-expressed DEGs inside the GWF, SYF and LYF samples. We further investigated the biological effects of NDUFAB1 and GABRA1 on ovarian follicular improvement and identified that NDUFAB1 promotes follicle development by stimulating granulosa cell (GC) proliferation and decreasing cell apoptosis, increases the expression of CCND1 and BCL-2 but attenuates the expression of caspase-3, and facilitates steroidogenesis by enhancing the expression of STAR and CYP11A1. In contrast, GABRA1 inhibits GC proliferation and stimulates cell apoptosis, decreases the expression of CCND1, BCL-2, STAR, and CYP11A1 but elevates the expression of caspase-3. Moreover, the 3 vital signaling pathways like PPAR signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction had been drastically enriched, which could play crucial roles in ovarian follicle growth, differentiation, follicle choice, and maturation.Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] Xue Sun and Xiaoxia Chen contributed equally to this function. two Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China Full list of author details is available at the finish in the articleThe Author(s) 2021. Open Access This article is licensed under a Inventive Commons Attribution four.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or p70S6K medchemexpress format, as long as you give suitable credit for the original author(s) and the supply, provide a link towards the Inventive Commons licence, and indicate if alterations were made. The images or